Senders & Domains
Sender Rotation
Cleanmails automatically rotates between your sender accounts when sending campaign emails. This distributes volume, protects reputation, and avoids triggering rate limits.
How Rotation Works
- Filter eligible senders — Only senders with status "ready", health > 20, and remaining daily limit are considered
- Domain-aware assignment — Avoids sending from the same sender domain to the same recipient domain in the same batch
- Reputation-weighted selection — Healthier senders (higher health score) get proportionally more sends
- Cooldown respect — Senders in cooldown (after consecutive errors) are skipped
Per-Domain Rate Limiting
Cleanmails enforces per-recipient-domain rate limits to avoid being throttled by major providers:
| Provider | Rate Limit |
|---|---|
| Gmail / Google Workspace | 2 emails/second |
| Outlook / Hotmail / Live | 2 emails/second |
| Yahoo / AOL | 2 emails/second |
| iCloud / me.com / mac.com | 2 emails/second |
| ProtonMail / Proton.me | 1 email/second |
| All other domains | 5 emails/second |
Automatic throttling
If the rate limit is hit, the worker automatically waits until the next second window before sending to that domain again. No configuration needed.
Daily Limits
Each sender has a configurable daily limit (default: 50). Once reached, that sender is excluded from rotation for the rest of the day. Limits reset at midnight UTC.
Best Practices
- Use 5-10 senders per campaign — More senders = better distribution and lower per-sender volume
- Mix domains — Use senders across 3-5 different domains for maximum rotation
- Set conservative daily limits — 30-50/day for new senders, 100-200/day for warmed-up ones
- Monitor health scores — If a sender drops below 50, investigate bounces